2010年5月2日星期日
2010年4月21日星期三
Reflection of the practicum of April 21st
I am kind of thinking to turn back to my mother tone Chinese, but I got to persist in this series of writing, although I have to spend more time in writing.
I have searched for the exact sentence which in the Chapel people had talked about, it's from the Bible Philippians 4:8, which is 'Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable---if anything is excellent or praiseworthy, think about these things."
To tell myself the truth, I was deeply touched by these words, even now. When I think about myself, I didn't get much actually pure praise when I was a little kid. People back in China and in those days, especially, tended to think things automatically with the wealth, with the power of the government officials. Everything is based on those things rather than the pursuit of the truth either the pure things, what a terrible world I used to live!
I also have learned what is actual learning. Learning is actually a changing process for yourself, when we have really learned something, we changed ourselves in some ways. Maybe these changes are too tiny for us to tell, but it does exist! I have to say, I cannot agree with Xiaolai more about his feeling of learning, "it's a feeling of reborn".
Today I have opened myself up to the staff in my office. We have got chances to talk about the truth of the society in China. I can feel that the more they can communicate with me, the more relaxed the relationship will become. I can easily tell the changes of the relationship between Innika and me, she becomes more relaxed in front of me. This is a very good sign for me, no matter from the perspective of the practicum or more important for me, the process of authentic learning and spiritual growing. I began to enjoy this final and the most difficult practicum. Persist and stick to the truth of life. Come on, Alex.
I have searched for the exact sentence which in the Chapel people had talked about, it's from the Bible Philippians 4:8, which is 'Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable---if anything is excellent or praiseworthy, think about these things."
To tell myself the truth, I was deeply touched by these words, even now. When I think about myself, I didn't get much actually pure praise when I was a little kid. People back in China and in those days, especially, tended to think things automatically with the wealth, with the power of the government officials. Everything is based on those things rather than the pursuit of the truth either the pure things, what a terrible world I used to live!
I also have learned what is actual learning. Learning is actually a changing process for yourself, when we have really learned something, we changed ourselves in some ways. Maybe these changes are too tiny for us to tell, but it does exist! I have to say, I cannot agree with Xiaolai more about his feeling of learning, "it's a feeling of reborn".
Today I have opened myself up to the staff in my office. We have got chances to talk about the truth of the society in China. I can feel that the more they can communicate with me, the more relaxed the relationship will become. I can easily tell the changes of the relationship between Innika and me, she becomes more relaxed in front of me. This is a very good sign for me, no matter from the perspective of the practicum or more important for me, the process of authentic learning and spiritual growing. I began to enjoy this final and the most difficult practicum. Persist and stick to the truth of life. Come on, Alex.
2010年4月20日星期二
Reflction of the date of April 20th
1. By the end of this week, I gotta to finish the detailed lesson plans of year 9 maths & year 8 sciences, and send them to Innika to go through;
2. By the end of this week, I gotta to finish reading & learning the contents of the rest 2 classes: year 10 maths(already done), and year 9 science(this is more time-consuming and difficult for me as there are huge amount of new words);
3. What I felt yesterday nearly remained the same with the first day: year 10 maths class is quite quiet and work-oriented, however, the year 9 maths class has several talkative kids I need to work out my management strategies;
4. The booking for science experiment is at least 24 hours notice, preferred 48 hours; What I need to do is to emai Mara, or I think I can put down the list and present it to Mara directly. In this case, I can have more chances to know the people around and to speak English; (maybe I can come to help Mara sometimes when I am free, on one hand I can get myself familiarized with the name of the Chemicals and the scientific equipment etc? think about this and talk to Innika first)
5. I have come up with a good idea about the starting of my teaching, maybe I can design a game called "Tell me something about yourself", so that I can give students some information about myself and also on the opposite, get more chances to learn students' names and other things about them. (talk with Innika first).
2. By the end of this week, I gotta to finish reading & learning the contents of the rest 2 classes: year 10 maths(already done), and year 9 science(this is more time-consuming and difficult for me as there are huge amount of new words);
3. What I felt yesterday nearly remained the same with the first day: year 10 maths class is quite quiet and work-oriented, however, the year 9 maths class has several talkative kids I need to work out my management strategies;
4. The booking for science experiment is at least 24 hours notice, preferred 48 hours; What I need to do is to emai Mara, or I think I can put down the list and present it to Mara directly. In this case, I can have more chances to know the people around and to speak English; (maybe I can come to help Mara sometimes when I am free, on one hand I can get myself familiarized with the name of the Chemicals and the scientific equipment etc? think about this and talk to Innika first)
5. I have come up with a good idea about the starting of my teaching, maybe I can design a game called "Tell me something about yourself", so that I can give students some information about myself and also on the opposite, get more chances to learn students' names and other things about them. (talk with Innika first).
2010年4月19日星期一
房贷新政频出 限制异地购房 4.19 news
房贷新政频出 限制异地购房
2010-04-19 09:52:09继4月15日宣布提高二套房贷首付比例和利率1.1倍政策后，国务院17日晚间9点左右再度发出通知，指出在商品住房价格过高、上 涨过快、供应紧张的地区，商业银行可根据风险状况，暂停发放购买第三套及以上住房贷款；对不能提供1年以上当地纳税证明或社会保险缴纳证明的非本地居民暂 停发放购买住房贷款。
新的通知还称，地方人民政府可根据实际情况，采取临时性措施，在一定时期内限定购房套数。
业内人士认为，国务院17日补充条款中增加了对于第三套房和外地购房行为的约束，受打击最严重的将是外地“炒房团”的投机性购房行为。
国务院在通知中还表示将发挥税收政策对住房消费和房地产收益的调节作用。要求财政部、税务总局要加快研究制定引导个人合理住房消费和调节个人房产收 益的税收政策。
与此有关的一篇《华夏时报》18日的报道指，一位接近财政部的权威人士 透露，目前《房地产税暂行条例》已经由财政部税政司着手修订，或将在近期内公布试行。财政部的思路是希望先在不开征新税种的情况下，对大户型、非自住高档 住宅保有环节征收税费，以控制楼市投资。
上述报道称，“两会”后，重庆市已将“特别房产消费税”的征收方案上报国务院。决策层已批复当地财税部门会同住房部门准备操作此事。另外，二手房交易个税全部按照交易差额的20%收取， 这一政策或将率先在济南实施；而对多套房产在保有环节上征收“房产保有税”，或将在上海试行。
中国工商银行已表示，该行从4月16日开始正式实行差别化住房信贷政策，对新签订合同和审批的个人住房贷款实行新规：对购买首套自住房且套型建筑面 积在 90平方米以上的家庭，贷款首付款比例不得低于30%；对贷款购买第二套住房的家庭，贷款首付款比例不得低于50%，贷款利率不得低于基准利率的1.1 倍；对贷款购买第三套及以上住房的家庭，大幅度提高首付款比例和利率水平。
这是房贷新政出台后，第一家正式宣布执行新政的 商业银行。
另据多家媒体报道，多个地方的商业银行纷纷表示已接到通知开始执行新的房贷政策。
The reflective diary 1 (19/04/2010)
It's really tired. The first day of the last teaching practice. I didn't even sleep well last night, by the way, 'insomnia' [in'sɔmniə] is the exact word of sleeplessness.
Whatever, the first day of the practicum is not bad. Teachers are kind, the atmosphere of the school is good and supportive. I was impressed by the speech by the principal this morning which was talking about the appreciation. I really find myself a little interested in the Bible, one sentence I can roughly remember is "whatever true is noble, whatever pure is beautiful, whatever beautiful is admirable."(not accurate) Think back to the education we have in high school, what we have learned is merely about leading young people to kindness, beauty, purity and independence, but trying to deprive of all of them, what a shame. So far, as I have deeply understood about education is the pathway of leading people to the truth, the purity, the beauty and the independence.
All right, I shall go back to my teaching practice summary.
The timetable of this term remains the same as last term's. My daily routine should be like the following: come to the morning devotion at 8.25 in the staff room, then directly go to Innika's care group; if there are no junior years' classes, I can stay in the Science office and do my lesson plans, etc.
Students behaved quite acceptable today, especially considering that it is the first day of the new term. Year 9 maths class was more talkative than the Year 10's, but it's still OK. Innika has changed the sitting plans of the 2 classes, maybe she has changed the other two science classes as well, let me wait and see. Remember to photocopy the sitting plans tomorrow and study how to use the photocopying machine in Endeavor.
The first week, even the second week must be quite busy for all the teachers. They are supposed to have parents' interviews on Wednesday night. There are also a lot of stuffs for them to sort out and get ready for the coming weeks. So I can concentrate on my planning work rather than bring Innika more burdens by pushing her to confirm my teaching plans. Actually, I have to admit, teaching in so-called Western countries is really a hard work. School is also a busy place.
All right, I have spent too much time on this, the working plan for this week is to go through all the stuffs I am going to teach and finish the detailed lesson plans for Year 8 Science, Year 9 Maths and Year 9 Science, up to the first two weeks which I am going to teach.
Whatever, the first day of the practicum is not bad. Teachers are kind, the atmosphere of the school is good and supportive. I was impressed by the speech by the principal this morning which was talking about the appreciation. I really find myself a little interested in the Bible, one sentence I can roughly remember is "whatever true is noble, whatever pure is beautiful, whatever beautiful is admirable."(not accurate) Think back to the education we have in high school, what we have learned is merely about leading young people to kindness, beauty, purity and independence, but trying to deprive of all of them, what a shame. So far, as I have deeply understood about education is the pathway of leading people to the truth, the purity, the beauty and the independence.
All right, I shall go back to my teaching practice summary.
The timetable of this term remains the same as last term's. My daily routine should be like the following: come to the morning devotion at 8.25 in the staff room, then directly go to Innika's care group; if there are no junior years' classes, I can stay in the Science office and do my lesson plans, etc.
Students behaved quite acceptable today, especially considering that it is the first day of the new term. Year 9 maths class was more talkative than the Year 10's, but it's still OK. Innika has changed the sitting plans of the 2 classes, maybe she has changed the other two science classes as well, let me wait and see. Remember to photocopy the sitting plans tomorrow and study how to use the photocopying machine in Endeavor.
The first week, even the second week must be quite busy for all the teachers. They are supposed to have parents' interviews on Wednesday night. There are also a lot of stuffs for them to sort out and get ready for the coming weeks. So I can concentrate on my planning work rather than bring Innika more burdens by pushing her to confirm my teaching plans. Actually, I have to admit, teaching in so-called Western countries is really a hard work. School is also a busy place.
All right, I have spent too much time on this, the working plan for this week is to go through all the stuffs I am going to teach and finish the detailed lesson plans for Year 8 Science, Year 9 Maths and Year 9 Science, up to the first two weeks which I am going to teach.
2010年4月14日星期三
关于房子的文章-from南方周末
1. 楼市那些钱：http://www.infzm.com/content/43888
2. 京城大抢房，边骂边抢
楼市突然疯，越调越疯：http://www.infzm.com/content/43889
2. 京城大抢房，边骂边抢
楼市突然疯，越调越疯：http://www.infzm.com/content/43889
关注这一轮的人民币升值问题-南方周末采访澳洲某经济学家
人民币升值：中国可以避免重蹈日本覆辙
—专访澳大利亚经济学家麦克斯·考登教授
http://www.infzm.com/content/43887
作者: 南方周末记者 余力 发自北京 2010-04-14 21:22:56 来源:南方周末
"人民币升值，并不能帮助美国减少失业"
" 缓慢升值的坏处是可能有大量投机资本涌入；一次性升值到位，这意味着短期内剧烈的成本上升，出口企业可能遭受剧烈冲击，出现大量失业，在政治上基本不可行"
" 为了减轻人民币升值的压力，中国应该容忍一定程度的通货膨胀"
" 如果人民币的升值伴随投资和消费的增长，中国可以避免陷于经济停滞"
麦克斯·考登 （南方周末记者 余力/图）
82岁的澳大利亚著名经济学家麦克斯·考登教授，以对贸易保护及荷兰病的研究闻名于世，同时在国际货币体系和发展中国家宏观经济政策的研究领域卓有成就，曾任国际货币基金组织研究部高级顾问。
4月11日，本报记者就人民币升值等热点问题在北京对考登教授进行了专访。
南方周末：金融危机后，有一种观点在西方颇有市场。这种观点认为，中国低估了人民币汇率，从而获得了巨额的贸易顺差（经常账户盈余），中国用这些外汇盈余大量购买美国国债，使美元得以长期维持低利率，最终引发了金融危机。您如何看待？
麦克斯·考登：把金融危机归咎于中国是不公平的。
从全球的角度来看，美国当然是最大的一个经常账户赤字国家，中国也是一个最大的经常账户盈余国家，2007年中国占了全球贸易盈余的21%。但是同时我们应该看到，除了中国之外，石油输出国组织、日本、德国，甚至英国、西班牙、澳大利亚这些国家都是经常账户赤字国家，如果把这些国家的经常账户盈余加在一起，可能要大于中国。
金融危机发源于美国，而不是任何其他地方，其根本原因是金融系统本身的问题，是金融监管出了问题，而不是中美贸易失衡。
南方周末：近期，在美国，要求人民币升值的压力在加强，您如何看待？
麦克斯·考登：美国人认为，来自中国的低价产品，使许多美国人失业。而中国产品的竞争力，很大程度上来自低估的人民币汇率。
美国习惯于将自己的问题归咎于别人。我认为，美国的高失业率主要是由金融危机造成的——危机后，企业不愿意去借钱，消费者用于消费的钱也减少了，这就导致了总需求的下降，因此就产生了失业。而后财政刺激的不足，也使得失业率居高不下。
来自中国制造业的竞争，使得美国的一些工厂关闭，工人失业，但另一方面，中国的贸易盈余大量用于购买美国国债，使美国政府可以扩大支出，用财政刺激政策缓解失业问题。这两方面的影响是互相抵消的。
人民币升值，并不能帮助美国减少失业。目前美国的麻烦在于，政府的财政刺激政策有问题，不足以减少失业，这与人民币汇率没有关系。
我想强调，中国的政策应该依据中国自身的利益制定，而不是依据美国人怎么说。
南方周末：在您看来，从中国自身的利益出发，人民币应该升值吗？
麦克斯·考登：中国有庞大的贸易顺差，所以人民币应该升值，但我不能肯定具体的幅度。
中国庞大的经常账户盈余，很大一部分以很低的利率借给了美国，或者购买了美元资产。对于中国这样一个还有着相当多贫困人口的大国而言，这并不符合国家利益。
对于中国而言，这么高的经常账户盈余并不是很有利，中国应该大幅减少经常账户的盈余，不再积累外汇储备。
与其把钱廉价地借给世界上最富有的国家——美国，倒不如花在自己的国家上来得划算。中国应该把更多的、积累起来的盈余投资到本国，比如用来提高消费水平、改善医疗状况，改善本国贫穷人口的生活状况。
南方周末：如何减少经常账户盈余（贸易顺差）？
麦克斯·考登：有几种可能的方法。
最重要的是多进口。中国应该更多地进口对本国有用的产品和服务。如果不想进口，那出口是为了什么？
还有，就是让人民币升值。
但升值会带来通货紧缩的压力，造成就业减少，为了抵御通缩，中国应该在升值的同时增加支出，也就是投资和消费——美国人在要求人民币升值时，是从来不会提醒这一点的。
如何增加投资和消费？比如，中国有许多国有企业盈利颇丰，但并不分红，政府应该要求这些企业分红，把钱用于投资社会福利项目，比如为穷人提供更多的医疗设施。
人民币升值有两种方式。一种是缓慢升值，如中国在2005至2008年所做的那样。
缓慢升值的坏处是可能有大量投机资本涌入。这最终会给中国的中央银行带来损失（外汇进入中国时，央行要用人民币买入外汇，外汇撤出时，央行要卖出外汇买入人民币）。
还有一种选择是人民币一次性升值到位。但这意味着短期内剧烈的成本上升，出口企业可能遭受剧烈冲击，出现大量失业，这在政治上基本不可行。
如果人民币名义汇率不升值，我们需要寻找其他的替代方式。比如减少政府对出口的补贴，提高能源价格和工业用地价格等。为了减轻人民币升值的压力，中国应该容忍一定程度的通货膨胀。
南方周末：通货膨胀是可以制造的吗？
麦克斯·考登：理论上，政府可以通过货币政策人为地制造通货膨胀。但这会带来许多严重问题，所以，一般没有政府会采取这种做法。我也不赞成人为制造通胀。
我的意思是，随着中国的经济增长，工资水平会不断上升，这将提高生产成本，削弱出口竞争力，更重要的是，收入分配上，资本所得有一部分会转移为劳动力的所得，后者的比例会提高。即人民币的实际汇率将升值，即使人民币名义汇率不升值。这个过程将使得中国的经常账户盈余在几年后消失。
南方周末：这需要多长时间？如果事情这样发生，是否意味着，人民币名义汇率可以不用升值了？
麦克斯·考登：我猜想这个过程大约需要5至8年。
如果实际汇率变化了，名义汇率可以不用变化。
南方周末：从一个经济学家的角度看，理想的国际经济秩序应该是怎样的？
麦克斯·考登：一般而言，投资回报率高、投资机会多的国家（如中国和印度），其经常项目应该有赤字（逆差），而投资回报率低、没有太多投资机会的国家（如日本），其经常项目应该有盈余（顺差）。
目前中国有如此大的顺差，是非常奇怪的现象。
南方周末：在您看来，中国会不会重蹈日本当年的覆辙，在人民币升值后陷入长期的经济停滞？
麦克斯·考登：中国有很大的空间去增加投资和消费，如果政策得当，人民币的升值伴随投资和消费的增长，中国应该可以避免像日本一样陷于经济停滞。
—专访澳大利亚经济学家麦克斯·考登教授
http://www.infzm.com/content/43887
作者: 南方周末记者 余力 发自北京 2010-04-14 21:22:56 来源:南方周末
"人民币升值，并不能帮助美国减少失业"
" 缓慢升值的坏处是可能有大量投机资本涌入；一次性升值到位，这意味着短期内剧烈的成本上升，出口企业可能遭受剧烈冲击，出现大量失业，在政治上基本不可行"
" 为了减轻人民币升值的压力，中国应该容忍一定程度的通货膨胀"
" 如果人民币的升值伴随投资和消费的增长，中国可以避免陷于经济停滞"
麦克斯·考登 （南方周末记者 余力/图）
82岁的澳大利亚著名经济学家麦克斯·考登教授，以对贸易保护及荷兰病的研究闻名于世，同时在国际货币体系和发展中国家宏观经济政策的研究领域卓有成就，曾任国际货币基金组织研究部高级顾问。
4月11日，本报记者就人民币升值等热点问题在北京对考登教授进行了专访。
南方周末：金融危机后，有一种观点在西方颇有市场。这种观点认为，中国低估了人民币汇率，从而获得了巨额的贸易顺差（经常账户盈余），中国用这些外汇盈余大量购买美国国债，使美元得以长期维持低利率，最终引发了金融危机。您如何看待？
麦克斯·考登：把金融危机归咎于中国是不公平的。
从全球的角度来看，美国当然是最大的一个经常账户赤字国家，中国也是一个最大的经常账户盈余国家，2007年中国占了全球贸易盈余的21%。但是同时我们应该看到，除了中国之外，石油输出国组织、日本、德国，甚至英国、西班牙、澳大利亚这些国家都是经常账户赤字国家，如果把这些国家的经常账户盈余加在一起，可能要大于中国。
金融危机发源于美国，而不是任何其他地方，其根本原因是金融系统本身的问题，是金融监管出了问题，而不是中美贸易失衡。
南方周末：近期，在美国，要求人民币升值的压力在加强，您如何看待？
麦克斯·考登：美国人认为，来自中国的低价产品，使许多美国人失业。而中国产品的竞争力，很大程度上来自低估的人民币汇率。
美国习惯于将自己的问题归咎于别人。我认为，美国的高失业率主要是由金融危机造成的——危机后，企业不愿意去借钱，消费者用于消费的钱也减少了，这就导致了总需求的下降，因此就产生了失业。而后财政刺激的不足，也使得失业率居高不下。
来自中国制造业的竞争，使得美国的一些工厂关闭，工人失业，但另一方面，中国的贸易盈余大量用于购买美国国债，使美国政府可以扩大支出，用财政刺激政策缓解失业问题。这两方面的影响是互相抵消的。
人民币升值，并不能帮助美国减少失业。目前美国的麻烦在于，政府的财政刺激政策有问题，不足以减少失业，这与人民币汇率没有关系。
我想强调，中国的政策应该依据中国自身的利益制定，而不是依据美国人怎么说。
南方周末：在您看来，从中国自身的利益出发，人民币应该升值吗？
麦克斯·考登：中国有庞大的贸易顺差，所以人民币应该升值，但我不能肯定具体的幅度。
中国庞大的经常账户盈余，很大一部分以很低的利率借给了美国，或者购买了美元资产。对于中国这样一个还有着相当多贫困人口的大国而言，这并不符合国家利益。
对于中国而言，这么高的经常账户盈余并不是很有利，中国应该大幅减少经常账户的盈余，不再积累外汇储备。
与其把钱廉价地借给世界上最富有的国家——美国，倒不如花在自己的国家上来得划算。中国应该把更多的、积累起来的盈余投资到本国，比如用来提高消费水平、改善医疗状况，改善本国贫穷人口的生活状况。
南方周末：如何减少经常账户盈余（贸易顺差）？
麦克斯·考登：有几种可能的方法。
最重要的是多进口。中国应该更多地进口对本国有用的产品和服务。如果不想进口，那出口是为了什么？
还有，就是让人民币升值。
但升值会带来通货紧缩的压力，造成就业减少，为了抵御通缩，中国应该在升值的同时增加支出，也就是投资和消费——美国人在要求人民币升值时，是从来不会提醒这一点的。
如何增加投资和消费？比如，中国有许多国有企业盈利颇丰，但并不分红，政府应该要求这些企业分红，把钱用于投资社会福利项目，比如为穷人提供更多的医疗设施。
人民币升值有两种方式。一种是缓慢升值，如中国在2005至2008年所做的那样。
缓慢升值的坏处是可能有大量投机资本涌入。这最终会给中国的中央银行带来损失（外汇进入中国时，央行要用人民币买入外汇，外汇撤出时，央行要卖出外汇买入人民币）。
还有一种选择是人民币一次性升值到位。但这意味着短期内剧烈的成本上升，出口企业可能遭受剧烈冲击，出现大量失业，这在政治上基本不可行。
如果人民币名义汇率不升值，我们需要寻找其他的替代方式。比如减少政府对出口的补贴，提高能源价格和工业用地价格等。为了减轻人民币升值的压力，中国应该容忍一定程度的通货膨胀。
南方周末：通货膨胀是可以制造的吗？
麦克斯·考登：理论上，政府可以通过货币政策人为地制造通货膨胀。但这会带来许多严重问题，所以，一般没有政府会采取这种做法。我也不赞成人为制造通胀。
我的意思是，随着中国的经济增长，工资水平会不断上升，这将提高生产成本，削弱出口竞争力，更重要的是，收入分配上，资本所得有一部分会转移为劳动力的所得，后者的比例会提高。即人民币的实际汇率将升值，即使人民币名义汇率不升值。这个过程将使得中国的经常账户盈余在几年后消失。
南方周末：这需要多长时间？如果事情这样发生，是否意味着，人民币名义汇率可以不用升值了？
麦克斯·考登：我猜想这个过程大约需要5至8年。
如果实际汇率变化了，名义汇率可以不用变化。
南方周末：从一个经济学家的角度看，理想的国际经济秩序应该是怎样的？
麦克斯·考登：一般而言，投资回报率高、投资机会多的国家（如中国和印度），其经常项目应该有赤字（逆差），而投资回报率低、没有太多投资机会的国家（如日本），其经常项目应该有盈余（顺差）。
目前中国有如此大的顺差，是非常奇怪的现象。
南方周末：在您看来，中国会不会重蹈日本当年的覆辙，在人民币升值后陷入长期的经济停滞？
麦克斯·考登：中国有很大的空间去增加投资和消费，如果政策得当，人民币的升值伴随投资和消费的增长，中国应该可以避免像日本一样陷于经济停滞。
订阅：
评论 (Atom)
